How do I fix "the execution of scripts is disabled on this system" errors?

On Windows desktops and older versions of Windows Server, not only is the .ps1 extension not associated with PowerShell, PowerShell scripts are not enabled by default. In order to run scripts, you must first run Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned. If you're not the administrator of the machine, you may need to add the -Scope CurrentUser option. For more information, read the help: Get-Help Set-ExecutionPolicy -Online.

An administrator may alter the execution policy for a single instance PowerShell when launching PowerShell by using the ExecutionPolicy parameter (ie: PowerShell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass).